Legal issues in business
What is work ergonomics?
Housekeeping, material storage and handlingWhy it is necessary?
A good house keeping reduces accidents and promotes health and safety for the workers. A poorhouse keeping increases material handling and manufacturing costs, creates bottlenecks and delays, and contributes to damage goods.
For good house keeping and organized storage
- Placing materials/wastes on the right place
- Passageways should be mark and clean unnecessary items
- Flammable liquids should be keep in safe place
- Use wall space by introducing multi-level racks
- Extra materials should not keep in the floor
For more efficient handling operations and heavy lifting
- Containers should be providing for garments outputs and inputs.
- Frequently using items should keep closer to the worktable.
- Don’t lifts load higher then necessary. Lifting should be making efficiently and safely.
Remember this guideline:
· Minimize lifting
· Provide good handles
· Keep the load close to the body
· Don't twist to pick up or put down a load
· Handle things between hips and chest level
· Handle only light objects above or below this level
· Minimize bending or difficult reaching
Workstation design
A workstation is a place, which occupied by a worker during performing a specific job. Each workstation should be designed to suit the needs of a worker, the machine and the task to be performed. A well-organized workplace minimizes material handling, improves efficiency and reduces worker fatigue. There are several rules for designing efficient workstations.
Improve work posture for greater efficiency
Here describe some low cost measures:
Place materials tools and controls easy reached by the worker without bending or twisting the body
For seated workers footrest should be provided.
Provide chair with backrest.
Use platforms for smaller workers for proper level.
Enough leg space needs to allow easy leg movement.
Legal compliance service
To minimize mistakes displays and controls have to improve
- Every displays and controls should distinguishable
- All knobs, switches etc. controlled within easy reach of the worker
- Unused machine should be taped up.
Work Organization
Here describe some ideas about effective work organization and work process:
Improving organization of work processes is the best way to increase productivity, especially since it can be achieved with little or no capital investment.
Design responsible and flexible jobs
- Develop job description for each worker
- Everyone should be clear about their job description
- Develop multi-skilled worker for interchangeable in jobs
- Eliminate extra tasks and operations
Rotate workers in different workplace
- Give opportunities to the worker to change from sitting/standing or from
- Standing/sitting working postures
- Introduce background music system
- Allow short breaks
Appropriate production lay out must be arranged
Factors:
In designing a plant layout, you have to consider the following factors.
- The type of product
- Volume of production
- The equipment
- Process, materials and information flow
- Space requirement
- Safety
- Warehouse and service areas
In addition to these factors, the convenience of communication and flexibility should be considered. The ability to better respond to your customers demand for quality, cost and delivery on time should be the end objective. Given that customer’s demands change, any layout design will have a finite lifetime.
Implications:
The layout you adopt may affect the utilization of the following resources:
- Human skills and talents
- Money
- Machine operating hours
- Material
- Time
Encourage to work in groups
There are some advantages to work in groups:- Group work much easier and less time-consuming than individual work
- The work flow more smoothly and less supervision is needed
- It could take less time for new trainees to learn new skills
- It is a better opportunity for acquiring multi-skills
- Continuous co-operation between workers helps them to improve production
A Production progress control system must be set up
Why it is needed?
- To monitor production for legal issues in business
- To provide information for process improvements
- To meet delivery dates
What have to do?
- Should know how long it takes for work to go through
- Do not accept any order with delivery less than this lead-time
- Do not accept orders unless factory have the capacity available to fulfill them within the required delivery date
- End of legal issues in business article
How to do?
- Have to decide what jobs to start and when
- Have to know what is the condition of production process, i.e. how much is good work, how much requires rework and how much has to be reject
- Have to see the production works are moving through the process on time and in sequence
- Have to predict when work will come out
- To monitor production process need to collect data. Factory should know:
What data is needed?
When and how often should new data be available?
Where should it be made available?
How will the data be used?
Who is going to use legal issues in business?
Implementing:
- Areas: work area, department and factory
- Comparison: Planned production and actual output
- Feedback: Monitor the location and quantity and quality of work in-progress in each production line and provide quick feedback to workers concerned
Remember:
- Explain the purpose of the production control system with the workers
- Collecting only the most useful data
- Provide immediate feedback
- Involve the workers in the analysis of data for improvement
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